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Colombian Penal Code (Código Penal Colombiano)

Colombian Penal Code (Código Penal Colombiano) (articles 416 and 417): This states that the crime of abuse of functions will be committed when a public servant or any authority abuses his or her position or law knowledge to obtain a private gain. It also creates a crime of omission, where a public servant has knowledge of an […]

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Criminal Code of Brazil

Criminal Code of Brazil (article 332): This imposes penalties for those who order or obtain an advantage for influencing an act to be carried out by a public servant in the exercise of his or her duties.

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The US Criminal Code

US Code: Embezzlement & Theft (ss641-663): The US Code is a compilation of federal statutes that define different crimes and criminal procedures. In the Code, embezzlement is considered a fraudulent appropriation of property by a person to whom such property has been entrusted.

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Internal Control Bodies (Mexico)

In Mexico, each administrative body has its own public entity responsible for investigating public servants and institutions involved in corruption acts at a national and local level called Órganos Internos de Control. These bodies can receive complaints about suspected corruption in the relevant public body or agency they are responsible for.

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Mexico’s Integral System of Anonymous Complaints (SIDEC)

This mechanism allows any person that has reasonable grounds to prove that a federal public servant or a private entity has been involved in a corrupt act to make a complaint for bribery, influence peddling, abuse of functions or any administrative offence. Through this platform anyone can submit anonymous complaints, videos, photos, documents, witness statements […]

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AIDA

AIDA has a team of lawyers across Latin America who use legal action to protect the environment and communities who rely on it.

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Iniciativa Climatica de Mexico

Iniciativa Climatica de Mexico is an organisation that coordinates and supports campaigns and legal actions to secure climate justice in Mexico. They have a range of resources and initiatives design to build capacity for climate litigation and campaigns in Mexico.

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CEMDA

Centro Mexicano de Derecho Ambiental (CEMDA) is an organisation based in Mexico that specializes in using legal action to address a range of environmental issues, including climate change.

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IACtHR Advisory Opinion on Human Rights and the Environment

In 2017, the IACtHR handed down an advisory opinion on the environment and human rights. The advisory opinion made it clear that: The right to a healthy environment is an enforceable right; States have obligations to prevent significant environmental damage that impacts human rights; These obligations could apply to climate change. This advisory opinion could pave the […]

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Ramirez v Exxonmobil

The claimants purchased shares in Exxonmobill in 2016. The complaint alleged that Exxon’s public statements at that time were materially false and misleading because they failed to disclose that internally generated reports concerning climate change recognized (a) the environmental risks caused by global warming and climate change, and (b) that due to risk associated with […]

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